Gravitational red shift

The Forces of Nature by Kelland Terry, Ph.D.

In the previous section, I explained how atoms in a strong gravitational field have a slower than normal vibration frequency because their string cycles are extended. As we might expect, this affects the photons emitted by these atoms.

All atoms have a different number of electrons orbiting about their nuclei as well as a different number of protons and neutrons, and the photons they emit when in an exited state are characteristic for that particular atom. This provides a method of identifying different elements by their spectral lines, their “cosmic bar code”.

Photons emitted by atoms in a strong gravitational field have lower frequencies than expected; their bar codes have been shifted. This is referred to as a red shift because red is found at the lower end of the light spectrum. It was first measured in the light we receive from massive stars called white dwarfs. It is frequently offered as proof for the general theory of relativity. As the name implies, the gravitational red shift is known by scientists to be the result of strong gravitational fields.

Physicists have known for many years that the rate atoms oscillate influences the photons emitted. This enabled Max Planck to establish the relationship between the oscillation of atoms and the oscillation frequency of the photon’s emitted by these atoms.

Electricity is used to control the energy of the photons emitted by a transmitting radio antenna. It is used to modify the oscillation frequency of the atoms in the antenna, and in this manner, control the frequency of the radio waves emitted.

According to VES theory when graviton waves slow down the rate of oscillation, it decreases the spin angular momentum of the atom’s quarks and electrons, and this causes the atom to make a photon with less energy; it will show a red shift.

The photons emitted by atoms in a strong gravitational field have lower frequencies because the atoms that emit the photons have slower string cycles.

Elastic string theory explains the connection between the gravitational red shift and the gravitational frequency shift. Kelland—www.vestheory.com