Photon has two string cycles

The Forces of Nature by Kelland Terry, Ph.D.
In contrast to the electron, a photon has two string cycles for every oscillation cycle, whereas the electron has just one. The photon’s string cycles are shown in the following illustration:



My model for the structure of a photon and self inducing string cycles is described in the next blog. Till then be safe and in good health. Kelland—www.vestheory.com

Photon's oscillation cycle

The Forces of Nature by Kelland Terry, Ph.D.
All photons go through what physicists refer to as an oscillation cycle. The cycle is created by the appearance and disappearance of the photon’s electric and magnetic fields. One oscillation cycle goes from the peak of the positive electric field to the peak of the next positive electric field. Just how far a photon travels while it goes through one oscillation cycle is calculated as follows:


In this equation, the velocity of light is divided by the time it takes to make one oscillation period. The seconds cancel out, and we are left with a value in meters for our answer, which is the distance traveled by a photon while it goes through one oscillation cycle. This is the only meaning that you can ascribe to this equation. It gives a false impression to think the answer is the length of the electromagnetic wave, even though by convention physicists refer to “meters traveled by a photon” as wavelength. The equation does not calculate the wavelength of anything; it merely calculates how far a photon travels as it goes through one cycle.

The equation above is normally shown as follows:

Keep in mind that all photons travel at the same velocity (c), which is referred to as the speed or velocity of light. However, a low energy radio wave photon oscillates very slowly compared to a visible light photon, which means a radio wave photon travels a much greater distance in order to go through one oscillation cycle. By convention, we say a radio wave has a “long wavelength”, when in reality it simply means the radio wave photon takes longer to go through one oscillation than a photon of visible light.

Photons are particles

The Forces of Nature by Kelland Terry, Ph.D.
The evidence that photons are particles is overwhelming; it is important to keep this in mind if we are to understand the experiments and observations involving photons. For this reason, I will not refer to photons as electromagnetic waves because this detracts from the idea that they are particles that just happen to have wave properties. As we shall see shortly, the wave properties of photons are due to their elastic strings.

The energy level of a photon determines whether it is a radio wave particle, visible light particle, x-ray particle or gamma ray particle, etc. Energy is a measure of the capacity of a particle to do work. It requires mass in motion. For example, falling water can be used to make a water wheel spin, which in turn can be used to grind our corn. It requires mass in motion. In the case of a photon, its energy level can be calculated as follows:

E = mass x c x c


E stands for energy in joules, and the mass of a particle is in kilograms. All photons have the same velocity, c , which is approximately 300,000,000 meters per second. This equation clearly shows that photons with high energy, such as x-ray particles, must have a greater mass than photons with low energy, such as radio wave particles, because they both travel through space with the same velocity. This just makes common sense.

I will come back to this subject in detail at a later time. I present it here to emphasize that the only difference between a radio wave particle, microwave particle, visible light particle, x-ray particle, and gamma ray particle is their energy levels, which tells us that the primary difference between different photons is their masses because they all travel at the same velocity.

The elusive photon

The Forces of Nature by Kelland Terry, Ph.D.
I will now switch the subject to photons, those particles that make up radio waves, microwaves, visible light, ultraviolet light, x-rays, gamma rays, etc. Photons are referred to collectively as electromagnetic radiation because all photons create electric fields and magnetic fields. The evidence shows they also create a gravitational force of attraction much like electrons and quarks. Superficially, at least, photons are much like electrons because they are both particles and they both create the same force fields.

I will first explain the differences between the various photons, and then I will delve into their physical properties, and their origins. It is an interesting subject that leads to a greater understanding of elastic strings, elastic string cycles, the properties of light, and a host of observations that are central to Einstein’s special theory of relativity. It will be fun.

We will take just one small dose of this subject with each blog. Kelland—www.vestheory.com

Particles that make elastic strings

The Forces of Nature by Kelland Terry, Ph.D.
Growing up on the farm always gave me plenty to do. For one thing, from the age of 10 on, I milked our cow every night and morning. I had it down pat. I could leave the house on a dead run, feed the cow a helping of oats, milk her, and get back to the house in 10 minutes (okay, maybe this is a slight exaggeration). She was a jersey cow and she gave us about one gallon of milk twice a day. This was a big source of food for our family because not only did we drink lots of milk, Mother also used it to make cottage cheese, gravies, hot cereals, and we ran the milk through a separator that left us with a good supply of cream for Mother to make butter and butter milk. I suspect I always went to school with a slight smell of barnyard and milk cow.

These days I find myself thinking of gravity and the elastic strings that make my theory work. There are three different particles that are known to create force fields. They are photons (small particles that make up light), electrons (tiny particles that orbit protons or flow through an electric wire), and quarks (not much bigger than electrons) that are found inside the nucleus of the atom. Electrons and photons create electric fields, magnetic fields, and gravitational fields. Quarks also create these same fields, and in addition they create the fields responsible for the nuclear forces. The fields are composed of elastic strings, and each force has its own distinctive strings.